Table 1: Role of PXR activation in specific cancer types.
|
|
Type of cancer | Characteristics of PXR activation (References) |
|
|
Prostate cancer | Increases tumor progression and resistance to the chemotherapy drugs [ 51 , 52 ] |
Breast cancer | Increases cell proliferation [ 59 ] and resistance to the chemotherapeutics [ 60 , 61 , 62 ] |
Inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis [ 45 ] | |
Ovarian cancer | Induces cell proliferation, tumor growth and resistance to the chemotherapeutics [ 40 ] |
Endometrial cancer | Decreases cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by the chemotherapy drugs [ 41 ] |
Cervical cancer | Inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth [ 39 ] |
Colon cancer | Increases cell growth, invasion and metastasis [ 42 ]. PXR activation also increases oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic activity, and decreases pro-apoptotic activity [ 44 , 46 ]. Moreover, PXR activation enhances resistance to the chemotherapy drugs [ 4 , 5 , 48 , 67 , 68 ] |
Decreases inflammation, cell proliferation and tumor growth [ 65 , 66 ]. | |
Liver cancer | Promotes tumor growth and chemo-resistance [ 35 , 76 ] |
Gastric cancer | Contributes to chemo-resistance [ 81 ] |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Promotes chemo-resistance [ 82 ] |
Hematologic cancers | Inhibits development of B cell lymphoma [ 71 ] and sensitizes chronic myeloid leukemia cells to the chemotherapeutics [ 28 ] |
|